Onderzoek nieuwbouw gevangenis Bonaire: duidelijke verbetering, maar gelijke rechten nog aandachtspunt

posted by Jennifer van Leussen

September 16th 2019

 151

Minister Dekker voor Rechtsbescherming neemt een deel van de aanbevelingen over
van het College voor de Rechten van de Mens en de Raad voor de rechtshandhaving
(de Raad). Zo mogen gedetineerden op Bonaire binnenkort elke week een uur lang
bezoek ontvangen in plaats van slechts eens in de twee weken. Hiermee trekt de
minister een van de rechten van gedetineerden op Bonaire gelijk met die in Europees
Nederland. Het College en de Raad deden onderzoek naar de omstandigheden in de
nieuwe gevangenis op Bonaire.
Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat de nieuwe gevangenis een forse stap vooruit is. Zo is het
gebouw lichter en ruimer, waardoor medewerkers de mogelijkheid hebben activiteiten
voor de gedetineerden te organiseren. Daardoor kunnen ze meedoen aan een
dagprogramma. De gedetineerden kunnen hierdoor werken of leren en op deze manier
zichzelf ontwikkelen en zich voorbereiden op een terugkeer in de maatschappij.
Verbetering was alleen mogelijk in nieuw gebouw
Aanleiding voor het onderzoek is de ingebruikname van de nieuwe gevangenis in augustus
2018. In het verleden hebben de Raad en het Comité ter voorkoming van foltering van de
Raad van Europa (CPT) aanbevelingen gedaan om de omstandigheden in de oude
gevangenis ter verbeteren. De directie kon een deel daarvan pas opvolgen na de
verhuizing. Het College en de Raad hebben dan ook gekeken naar de omstandigheden en
behandeling van gedetineerden in de nieuwe gevangenis.
Gelijke rechten Caribisch en Europees Nederland
De drie Caribische eilanden Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba zijn onderdeel van Nederland.
Om die reden vinden de Raad en het College dat gedetineerden in Caribisch Nederland in
beginsel gelijke rechten moeten hebben en op gelijke wijze behandeld moeten worden als
gedetineerden in Europees Nederland. In dit onderzoek is gebleken dat er verschillen zijn
waarvoor geen rechtvaardiging is te vinden in de specifieke omstandigheden in Caribisch
Nederland. Een voorbeeld is het bezoekrecht: er was geen reden om gedetineerden in
Caribisch Nederland minder vaak bezoek toe te staan. Het is dan ook goed dat de minister
dit nu heeft gelijkgetrokken met de situatie in Nederland.
Gedetineerden kunnen beperkt klagen
Als gedetineerden het niet eens zijn met beslissingen van de gevangenisdirectie, dan
kunnen zij niet over alles hun beklag doen bij de beklagcommissie. Zo kan een
gedetineerde bijvoorbeeld geen klacht indienen als hij niet mag deelnemen aan het
dagprogramma. In Nederland kunnen gedetineerden wel over alle beslissingen die hen
rechtstreeks raken een klacht indienen. Als de beklagcommissie een uitspraak heeft
gedaan, kan een gedetineerde op Bonaire daartegen niet in beroep gaan. In Nederland kan
dat wel. Minister Dekker geeft het gelijktrekken van deze rechten van gedetineerden op
Bonaire met die in Europees Nederland echter geen prioriteit, omdat in andere landen in
het Caribisch deel van het Koninkrijk gedetineerden die mogelijkheid ook niet hebben.
Hiermee maakt de minister onderscheid tussen de positie van gedetineerden in Caribisch
Nederland en Europees Nederland, zonder de noodzaak van dat verschil te rechtvaardigen.
Niet meer standaard visiteren
De meeste aanbevelingen waren aan de directie van de gevangenis gericht. De directie
heeft deze aanbevelingen ter harte genomen en een plan van aanpak opgesteld. Sommige
punten heeft de directie direct opgepakt. Zo visiteerden medewerkers alle gedetineerden
na ieder bezoekmoment. Visiteren kan wel, maar alleen als daar reden toe is. Door
gedetineerden na élk bezoek te visiteren, maken de medewerkers een disproportionele
inbreuk op de persoonlijke levenssfeer van de gedetineerden. De directie heeft al tijdens
het onderzoek van het College en de Raad laten weten dat er niet meer standaard na ieder
bezoekmoment zal worden gevisiteerd.
Samenwerking
De Raad heeft dit onderzoek uitgevoerd samen met het College voor de Rechten van de
Mens. Het College is een onafhankelijke toezichthouder voor mensenrechtenbescherming
in Nederland, waaronder de eilanden Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba. Door samen te
werken hoeven de medewerkers van de gevangenis niet steeds tijd vrij te maken voor
toezichthouders, en kunnen de samenwerkende toezichthouders in één bezoek hun werk
doen.
Meer informatie
• Lees het rapport
• Lees de brief van minister Dekker aan de Tweede Kamer

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